Eetbaar gebruik
Eetbare delen: Fruit, olie, pectine
Eetbare toepassingen:
- Fruit: Vers, gekookt of gedroogd voor later gebruik. Appels zijn een van de meest voorkomende en wijdverspreide vruchten in de gematigde zone.
- Er zijn veel verschillende variëteiten met uiteenlopende smaken, van zuur tot zoet, en texturen, van droog en meelachtig tot knapperig en sappig.
- De rijpingsseizoenen variëren sterk; de eerste vruchten zijn vaak al in eind juli rijp, terwijl andere cultivars pas in de late herfst worden geoogst en tot 12 maanden of langer kunnen worden bewaard.
Sommige cultivars bevatten veel pectine, wat nuttig is bij het maken van jam, omdat het helpt andere vruchten te laten geleren. Pectine wordt ook gezegd dat het het lichaam beschermt tegen straling.
Daarnaast kan er een eetbare olie uit de zaden worden gewonnen. Het is echter alleen praktisch om deze zaden als oliebron te gebruiken wanneer de vruchten voor een ander doel worden gebruikt, zoals het maken van cider. De zaden kunnen dan worden geëxtraheerd uit het overgebleven pulp.
Giftigheid
All members of this genus contain the toxin hydrogen cyanide in their seeds and possibly also in their leaves, but not in their fruits. Hydrogen cyanide is the substance that gives almonds their characteristic taste but it should only be consumed in very small quantities. Apple seeds do not normally contain very high quantities of hydrogen cyanide but, even so, should not be consumed in very large quantities. In small quantities, hydrogen cyanide has been shown to stimulate respiration and improve digestion, it is also claimed to be of benefit in the treatment of cancer. In excess, however, it can cause respiratory failure and even death.
Voedingswaarde
Apples, fuji, with skin, raw
Bron: USDA FoodData Central
Teelt
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
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Medicinaal
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Antibacterial Antidiarrhoeal Astringent Laxative Odontalgic Stomachic
The fruit is astringent and laxative[4, 9]. The bark, and especially the root bark, is anthelmintic, refrigerant and soporific[218, 240]. An infusion is used in the treatment of intermittent, remittent and bilious fevers[4, 240]. The leaves contain up to 2.4% of an antibacterial substance called 'phloretin'[240]. This inhibits the growth of a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in as low a concentration as 30 ppm[240]. A ripe raw apple is one of the easiest foods for the stomach to deal with, the whole process of digestion taking about 85 minutes[4]. The apple juice will reduce the acidity of the stomach, it becomes changed into alkaline carbonates and thus corrects sour fermentation[4]. The apple is also an excellent dentifrice, the mechanical action of eating a fruit serving to clean both the teeth and the gums[4].
Overig gebruik & natuurwaarde
Noted for attracting wildlife.
Lighting Oil Oil Pectin Teeth Wood
Apples can be used as part of an agroforestry system. They provide fruit and shade, can serve as windbreaks, and attract beneficial insects. They can also be used as hedgerows.
The fruit is a source of pectin[61, 142]. Pectin is used as a thickener in jams etc and as a culture medium in laboratories. The apple is also an excellent dentifrice, the mechanical action of eating a fruit serving to clean both the teeth and the gums[4, 269]. The oil from the seed has been used as an illuminant[269]. Wood - hard, compact, fine-grained. Used for turnery, tool handles, canes etc[46, 171, 226]. It makes an excellent fuel[226]. Espalier: tree or other plants that is trained to grow flat against a support (such as a trellis or wall). 1. Nectary - flowers rich in nectar and pollen: Yes.
2. Wildlife - Food. Fruit and seeds. Leaf litter and detritus (for beneficial insects). Shelter - Dense foliage. Nesting and roosting - dense trees and shrubs: Yes.
3. Invertebrate Shelter. Overwintering sites (rough bark, hollow stems). Leaf litter. Groundcover: Yes.
4. Pest Confuser (smell): No.
Attracts Wildlife Espalier Food Forest
Kenmerken & vermeerdering
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
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Seed - this species is a hybrid and will not breed true from seed, though some interesting new fruiting cultivars can be produced.. It is best sown as soon as it is ripe in the autumn in a cold frame. It usually germinates in late winter. Stored seed requires stratification for 3 months at 1°c and should be sown in a cold frame as soon as it is received[200]. It might not germinate for 12 months or more. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots as soon as they are large enough to handle. If given a rich compost they usually grow away quickly and can be large enough to plant out in late summer, though consider giving them some protection from the cold in their first winter. Otherwise, keep them in pots in a cold frame and plant them out in late spring of the following year. Cuttings of mature wood, November in a frame[11].
Habitat
Woodland Garden Secondary; Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; North Wall. By. East Wall. By. South Wall. By. West Wall. By.
